JUNIN

city, northern Buenos Aires province, east central Argentina, in the Pampa on the Ro Salado. The town grew up around Fuerte (fort) Federacin, founded in 1827 to protect colonists from Indian incursions; it was given city status in 1906. Junn is an agricultural (wheat, corn , cattle), commercial, and manufacturing centre. It has railway workshops, breweries, and factories producing ceramics, furniture, and metal goods. Fish from nearby lagoons are sent to markets in Buenos Aires (150 mi east). Eva Pern was born at the settlement of Los Toldos, south of Junn. Pop. (1980 prelim.) 62,080. department (formed 1853) of central Peru, located largely in the Andes and drained by the headwaters of the Ro Mantaro and other major tributaries of the Amazon. Junn, one of the richest Andean departments, occupies an area of 16,751 sq mi (43,384 sq km). The department's mainly urban population is concentrated in an area extending from Huancayo (q.v.), the departmental capital, northwest to the cities of Jauja and La Oroya, site of a large copper refinery. Its large intermontane basins are excellent for the cultivation of wheat, barley, potatoes, and other highland crops, and the lower mountain slopes in the east support coffee, cacao, and sugarcane. Mining, refining, and the production of hydroelectric power are important. Railroads and highways link Junn with Andean cities to the north and south and with the Amazon Basin to the east. Pop. (1981) 969,500.