KALYAN

city, western Maharashtra state, western India, on the Ulhas River, northeast of Bombay, a part of the Greater Bombay urban agglomeration. A relatively unimportant trading centre in Roman times, Kalyan was fortified by Shah Jahan during the Mughal period. It became part of the Bijapur kingdom and subsequently fell to the Marathas (1662) and the British (1780). Now part of the Greater Bombay industrial complex, it specializes in the manufacture of chemicals, synthetics, and electrical equipment. Its small-scale cottage industries, particularly handloom cotton and silk weaving, are still important. The city has good road and rail connections throughout the region and maintains weekly markets and the wholesale marketing of agricultural produce. Kalyan is also a port for the local coastal trade. It has several monuments of the Muslim period including the Matabarkhan Palace and the Kali Masjid (Black Mosque). Pop. (1991 prelim.) 1,014,062.