KEA

also spelled Kos, also called Tzi westernmost of the Cyclades (q.v.) group of Greek islands in the Aegean Sea. Ka lies about 13 miles (21 km) east of the southern tip of Attica. With an area of 50.4 square miles (130.6 square km), it rises gradually toward the centre, to the peak of Proftis Ilas (1,841 feet ). The principal town, Ka, on the site of ancient Ioulis, is located near the northwestern coast. Inhabited since early Helladic times, Ka fought on the Greek side in the naval battles of Artemisium and Salamis (both 480 BC) during the Greco-Persian Wars, and it subsequently joined the Delian League and the Athenian alliance. The island revolted in 363362 but was reduced by Athens, which established a monopoly of Ka's ruddle (red-earth dye), its principal product. Called Tzia in the Middle Ages, the island was divided in AD 1207 among four Italian adventurers. In 1537 it formed a part of the duchy of Nxos, and in 1566 it came under Turkish rule, under which it continued until in 1912 it joined the kingdom of Greece. The island's agricultural products include grapes, citrus, and honey, and a factory manufactures aluminum kitchenware for the Greek mainland. Some valonia oak is also exported. At ancient Karthaia are the remains of a Doric temple and other buildings. Pop. (1981) 1,648.