KEYSTONE KOPS

in silent-film comedies, insanely incompetent police force, dressed in ill-fitting, unkempt uniforms, that appeared regularly in Mack Sennett's slapstick farces from 1914 to the early 1920s. They became enshrined in American film history as genuine folk-art creations whose comic appeal was based on a native irreverence for authority. What the Kops lacked in sense they made up for in zeal, as they dashed off to the chase on foot or drove off in a tin lizzie (one accommodated the entire force), in jerky, speeded-up tempo. Whether they collided with one another around corners or became entangled in clotheslines, ladders, or folding tents, their facial expressions of dour dignity never changed. Many of the great silent-film comedians, such as Roscoe Fatty Arbuckle, rose from the ranks of the Kops.