METABOLIC DISEASE

any of the diseases or disorders that disrupt normal metabolism. They may arise from nutritional deficiencies, especially of vitamins or proteins; in connection with diseases of the endocrine system, the liver, or the kidneys; or as a result of genetic defects. Additional reading Vincent M. Riccardi, The Genetic Approach to Human Disease (1977); Philip F. Benson and Anthony H. Fensom, Genetic Biochemical Disorders (1985); Aubrey Milunsky (ed.), Genetic Disorders and the Fetus: Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment, 2nd ed. (1986); Forrester Cockburn and Richard Gitzelman, Inborn Errors of Metabolism in Humans (1982); David J. Galton, Molecular Genetics of Common Metabolic Disease (1985); John M. Dietschy, Antonio M. Gotto, Jr., and Joseph A. Ontko, Disturbances in Lipid and Lipoprotein Metabolism (1978); Archibald E. Garrod, Inborn Errors of Metabolism (1909, reprinted with a suppl. by H. Harris, 1963), a classic; John B. Stanbury et al. (eds.), The Metabolic Basis of Inherited Disease, 5th ed. (1983); John W. Hare (ed.), Signs and Symptoms in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (1986); Philip Felig et al. (eds.), Endocrinology and Metabolism (1981); F. Dickens, P.J. Randle, and W.J. Whelan (eds.), Carbohydrate Metabolism and Its Disorders, 3 vol. (196881). Special topics are treated in Henrik Galbo, Hormonal and Metabolic Adaptation to Exercise (1983); and Charles S. Lieber (ed.), Metabolic Aspects of Alcoholism (1977). Saul Genuth