MILWAUKEE JOURNAL, THE

evening daily newspaper published in Milwaukee, Wisconsin's leading newspaper and generally accounted one of the great regional dailies of the United States. It was founded in 1882 by Lucius W. Nieman as the Milwaukee Daily Journal, an independent, community-oriented paper. The Journal has been noted for its coverage of Milwaukee and state affairs and has extensive statewide circulation. It has tended over the years to support progressive or liberal candidates for political office, and it has maintained an international point of view. After World War I it supported the League of Nations and, later, the United Nations. It is also distinguished for its editorial stance, which in a heavily German-American community exposed the Nazi underpinning of the German-American Bund in the 1930s and attacked Wisconsin's U.S. senator Joseph R. McCarthy for his unfounded accusations of communist sympathy in the 1950s. Nieman died in 1935 and his wife in 1936; part of their fortune went to establish the Nieman Fellowships for working journalists at Harvard University. Harry J. Grant had become editor of The Milwaukee Journal in 1919, and after the Niemans' deaths he organized a plan whereby employees could buy stock in the company; more than 700 did so, and the employees eventually acquired control of the paper.