NATHAN, MAUD

born Oct. 20, 1862, New York, N.Y., U.S. died Dec. 15, 1946, New York City American social welfare leader who helped to found the National Consumers League. Nathan was an elder sister of writer and antisuffragist Annie Nathan (Meyer). In April 1880 she married her cousin Frederick Nathan. Early in her married life she involved herself in such community service organizations as the New York Exchange for Women's Work and the Women's Auxiliary of the Civil Service Reform Association, and she served also as a director of the nursing school of Mount Sinai Hospital. In 1890 Nathan joined Josephine Shaw Lowell and others in forming the New York City Consumers' League, a group devoted to organizing the marketplace power of consumers in order to induce reforms in the industrial system. In 1897 she became president of the New York Consumers' League, and on the organization of the National Consumers League the next year she was elected to the executive board. The New York League under her leadership provided unofficial factory and shop inspectors, published white lists of employers who met standards for wages and working conditions, and lobbied for legislative protections for workers. Lobbying the New York legislature from her position as a nonvoter drew Nathan into the campaign for woman suffrage. She served as first vice president of the New York Equal Suffrage League and spoke throughout the state on behalf of suffrage. She was also active at various times in the Woman's Municipal League of New York, General Federation of Women's Clubs, the League of Women Voters, and the National Council of Jewish Women. She resigned as president of the New York Consumers' League in 1917 and was named honorary president for life. Nathan wrote The Story of an Epoch-Making Movement (1926), on the work of the League, and an autobiography, Once Upon a Time and To-day (1933).