PYLE, HOWARD

born March 5, 1853, Wilmington, Del., U.S. died Nov. 9, 1911, Florence American illustrator, painter, and author, best known for the children's books that he wrote and illustrated. Pyle studied at the Art Students' League, New York City, and first attracted attention by his line drawings after the style of Albrecht Drer. His magazine and book illustrations are among the finest of the turn-of-the-century period in the Art Nouveau (q.v.) style. Pyle wrote original children's stories as well as retelling old fairy tales. Many of Pyle's children's stories, illustrated by the author with vividness and historical accuracy, have become classicsmost notably The Merry Adventures of Robin Hood (1883); Otto of the Silver Hand (1888); Jack Ballister's Fortunes (1895); and his own folktales, Pepper & Salt (1886), The Wonder Clock (1888), and The Garden Behind the Moon (1895). Later Pyle undertook mural paintings, executing, among others, The Battle of Nashville (1906) for the capitol at St. Paul, Minn. Dissatisfied with his style in painting, he went to Italy for further study but died shortly afterward. Pyle had established a free school of art in his home in Wilmington, where many successful American illustrators received their education.