REVUELTAS, JOS

born Nov. 20, 1914, Durango, Mex. died April 14, 1976, Mexico City Mexican novelist, short-story writer, and political activist who was one of the originators of the new Mexican novel. Revueltas was a member of a family of prominent artists. His brother Silvestre Revueltas was a noted composer. Revueltas, politically active at 14, joined the Mexican Communist Party in 1932 and was twice imprisoned at the penitentiary at Islas Maras. Los muros de agua (1941; Walls of Water), his first novel, is based on incidents that occurred during his confinement. El luto humano (1943; Human Mourning; Eng. trans. The Stone Knife) is a powerful novel that uses flashbacks and interior monologues to present the plight of rural Mexicans from the pre-Columbian period up to the 1930s. In 1943 Revueltas was expelled from the Communist Party after a membership extending back many years and took part in founding the Spartacus Leninist League, although he soon left that as well. The novel Los errores (1964) is a denunciation of the purges of Communism. He was arrested for his role in the student disturbances of 1968 and was briefly imprisoned at the penitentiary at Lecumberri. He also published two short-story collections, Dios en la tierra (1944; God in the Land) and Dormir en tierra (1960; To Sleep in the Land).