RUSSELL, BERTRAND

born May 18, 1872, Trelleck, Monmouthshire, Eng. died Feb. 2, 1970, near Penrhyndeudraeth, Merioneth, Wales Bertrand Russell. in full Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell of Kingston Russell, Viscount Amberley of Amberley and of Ardsalla English logician and philosopher, best known for his work in mathematical logic and for his social and political campaigns, including his advocacy of both pacifism and nuclear disarmament. He received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1950. Additional reading Biographical studies include Alan Wood, Bertrand Russell: The Passionate Sceptic (1957), written by a friend and philosophical disciple, with Russell's cooperation; Ronald W. Clark, The Life of Bertrand Russell (1975), a lengthy treatment, and Bertrand Russell and His World (1981), brief but full; and Alan Ryan, Bertrand Russell: A Political Life (1988). Essays analyzing Russell's philosophy may be found in D.F. Pears, Bertrand Russell and the British Tradition in Philosophy, 2nd ed. (1972), on the development of Russell's philosophy from 1905 to 1919; D.F. Pears (ed.), Bertrand Russell (1972); A.J. Ayer, Bertrand Russell (1972, reprinted 1988; also published as Russell, 1972); Paul Arthur Schilpp (ed.), The Philosophy of Bertrand Russell, 5th ed. (1974, reissued 1989); R.M. Sainsbury, Russell (1979, reissued 1985); C.W. Kilmister, Russell (1984); and Paul Grimley Kuntz, Bertrand Russell (1986).