SCHAEPMAN, HERMANUS JOHANNES ALOYSIUS MARIA

born March 2, 1844, Tubbergen, Neth. died Jan. 21, 1903, Rome, Italy Dutch statesman, Roman Catholic priest, and author who founded Catholic political clubs (forerunners of the Roman Catholic State Party) and established a Catholic-Calvinist legislative coalition that lasted from 1888 to 1905. Ordained a priest in 1867, Schaepman received a doctorate in church history (1869) and taught at a seminary for many years. He published poems and articles on religious and political subjects and became editor of De Tijd (The Times) newspaper in 1872 and De Katholiek newspaper in 1895. He founded Catholic political clubs to protect the rights of his coreligionists, who, however, resisted his efforts to form a true political party in The Netherlands until 1905. Schaepman was elected to the Dutch Second Chamber (house of representatives) in 1880 and became the leader of the Catholic legislators. In 1888 he established a coalition with Calvinist members of the Anti-Revolutionary Party to obtain state aid for parochial (Catholic and Calvinist) schools on the same basis as public schools. The coalition, which participated in all Dutch cabinets until 1905, won some state aid for parochial schools in 1889, though parity with state schools was not obtained until 1917. Schaepman served in Abraham Kuyper's coalition cabinet from 1901. His poems include De Paus (1866; The Pope) and Aya Sofia (1886), and a collection of his articles, Menschen en Boeken (Men and Books), was published between 1893 and 1902.