SCROPHULARIACEAE

the figwort or snapdragon family of flowering plants, one of 12 in the figwort order (Scrophulariales), containing about 190 genera and 4,000 species with worldwide distribution. It contains no crop plants of great economic importance but is notable for many ornamental garden plants, such as the snapdragon (Antirrhinum; see ), speedwell (Veronica), slipper flower (Calceolaria), beard tongue (Penstemon), and many others. Some, such as the toadflax (Linaria) and mullein (Verbascum), are troublesome weeds. The drug digitoxin is produced from the leaves of the foxglove (Digitalis purpurea). The family is characterized by bisexual flowers with tubular corollas (fused petals) that are bilaterally symmetrical (two-lipped) and have four stamens in most (two in Veronica), two of which are usually shorter than the other two. The pistil is superior (i.e., positioned above the attachment point of the other flower parts) and usually two-celled.