SIDEBAR - DETROIT 1960S OVERVIEW

Motown Records label. Even before Berry Gordy, Jr., brought Detroit to musical prominence in the 1960s with Motown Records, the Motor City had been the site of important recordings by John Lee Hooker and the base for rhythm-and-blues performers Hank Ballard and Jackie Wilson. It also was the home of the New Bethel Baptist Church, presided over by the Reverend C.L. Franklin, whose daughter Aretha's first gospel records were made in the church. The Flame Show Bar and Twenty Grand nightclub presented rhythm-and-blues greats such as Sam Cooke and LaVern Baker in the 1950s and later were showcases (and downtime haunts) for Motown artists. Not far from Detroit, in Idlewild, a predominantly African-American resort community near the Manistee National Forest, musical acts performed in clubs where the traditions of black vaudeville became building blocks for Motown showmanship. In the late 1960s Detroit was the breeding ground for the influential proto-punk bands Iggy and the Stooges and the MC5. They practiced their loud, hard-rocking style on the stage of the Grande (pronounced Grandee) Ballroom, which had been created in the image of San Francisco's psychedelic rock ballrooms. Detroit also played an important role in the history of rock criticism. Founded in 1969, edited by Dave Marsh, and featuring the writing of Lester Bangs, Creem magazine offered an early alternative to Rolling Stone.