SUFFOLK, THOMAS HOWARD, 1ST EARL OF, LORD HOWARD OF ...

born Aug. 24, 1561 died May 28, 1626, London, Eng. an English commander during the attack of the Spanish Armada and in other forays against the Spanish during the reign of Elizabeth I. He was also a councillor in the reign of James I. Howard was the second son of the 4th duke of Norfolk. He commanded the expedition on which Sir Richard Grenville and the Revenge were lost (1591), and he held commands in the Cadiz and Islands voyages (159697). Created Lord Howard of Walden in 1597 and earl of Suffolk in July 1603, he was lord chamberlain of the royal household from 1603 to 1614 and lord high treasurer from 1614 to 1618, when he was deprived of his office on a charge of misappropriating money. He was tried in the Star Chamber and was heavily fined and imprisoned briefly in the Tower of London. Suffolk's second wife was Catherine (d. 1663), a woman whose avarice was partly responsible for her husband's downfall. She shared his trial and was certainly guilty of taking bribes from Spain. One of his three daughters was the notorious Frances Howard, who instigated the poisoning of poet and essayist Sir Thomas Overbury.