TIRUVALLUVAR

flourished 4th or 5th century AD, India also spelled Thiruvalluvar Tamil poet-saint known as the author of the Tirukkural (Sacred Couplets), considered a masterpiece of human thought, compared in India and abroad to the Bible, John Milton's Paradise Lost, and the works of Plato. Little is known about the life of Tiruvalluvar except that he is believed to have lived in Mylapore, India, no later than the 4th century. He was probably a Jain ascetic of humble origins who worked as a weaver. Both Buddhists and Shaivites, however, claim him as their own, and he is especially revered by those of low caste. Tiruvalluvar's couplets in the Tirukkural are highly aphoristic: Adversity is nothing sinful, but / laziness is a disgrace; Wine cheers only when it is quaffed, but love / intoxicates at mere sight. Despite Tiruva lluvar's reasonable tone, many of his ideas were revolutionary. He dismissed the caste system: One is not great because of one's birth in a noble family; one is not low because of one's low birth. The poet maintained that goodness is its own reward, and it should not be regarded as a mere means to a comfortable afterlife. Madras bus drivers have adopted the poet as their patron saint; his likeness is found clipped above the windshields in the vehicles of the city's official Tiruvalluvar Bus Company.