TOULOUSE-LAUTREC, HENRI DE

born Nov. 24, 1864, Albi, Fr. died Sept. 9, 1901, Malrom Jane Avril, lithograph poster by Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec; in the Muse in full Henri-marie-raymonde De Toulouse-lautrec-monfa French artist who observed and documented with great psychological insight the personalities and facets of Parisian night life and the French world of entertainment in the 1890s (see photograph). His use of free-flowing, expressive line, often becoming pure arabesque, results in highly rhythmical compositions (e.g., In the Circus Fernando: The Ringmaster, 1888). The extreme simplification in outline and movement and the use of large colour areas make his posters some of his most powerful works. Additional reading Biographies of the artist and assessments of his work may be found in Gerstle Mack, Toulouse-Lautrec (1938, reprinted 1989); Hans Tietze, Toulouse Lautrec (1953); Jacques Lassaigne, Lautrec (1953); Douglas Cooper, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec (1955); Hanspeter Landolt (comp.), Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec: Drawings and Sketches in Colour (1955); Lawrence Hanson and Elizabeth Hanson, The Tragic Life of Toulouse-Lautrec (1956); douard Julien, Lautrec (1959, reissued 1980); Henri Perruchot, Toulouse-Lautrec (1960); Gotthard Jedlicka, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec (1961); Jean Adhmar (ed.), Toulouse-Lautrec: His Complete Lithographs and Drypoints (1965, reissued 1987); Jean Bouret, The Life and Work of Toulouse-Lautrec, Court Painter to the Wicked (1966); Andr Fermigier, Toulouse-Lautrec (1969); the introduction by Jean Adhmar and Theodore Reff to Unpublished Correspondence of Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, ed. by Lucien Goldschmidt and Herbert Schimmel (1969); Richard Thomson, Toulouse-Lautrec (1977); and Renata Negri, Toulouse-Lautrec (1979).