WATERHOUSE, GEORGE MARSDEN

born , April 6, 1824, Penzance, Cornwall, Eng. died Aug. 6, 1906, Torquay, Devon) businessman, politician, prime minister of South Australia (1861-63 and prime minister of New Zealand (1872-73), the only man ever to be premier of two British colonies. Waterhouse went with his Wesleyan missionary father to Tasmania, set up a business with his brother in South Australia (1843), became financially successful, and retired by 1853. His first political experience was as an elected member of the South Australian Legislative Council (1851). He was elected to the first Legislative Assembly (1857) and again to the Council (1860), where he joined the ministry of Reynolds, and finally became prime minister (1861-63) of the colony of South Australia. As prime minister Waterhouse concerned himself with economic development and constitutional reforms for the newly self-governing colony. He also played an important role in the implementation of pieces of Council-passed legislation, such as the Real Property Act. When he resigned and left Australia to pursue his business interests, he purchased sizable holdings in New Zealand and accepted a seat on that Legislative Council (1870). In 1872 Sir Julius Vogel invited Waterhouse to head a new ministry. He accepted but the following year found that his strict Methodist principles conflicted with Vogel's financial policies. Waterhouse submitted his resignation to the governor, who refused to accept it until pressure from Waterhouse compelled him to capitulate. Waterhouse remained active on the Legislative Council until he retired to England in 1889. When he was later recommended for knighthood, it was refused by the Colonial office because of his treatment of the governor. So, although he had been premier of two colonies, he was never knighted.