WATTS, ISAAC

born July 17, 1674, Southampton, Hampshire, Eng. died Nov. 25, 1748, Stoke Newington, London English Nonconformist minister, regarded as the father of English hymnody. Watts studied at the Dissenting Academy at Stoke Newington, London, which he left in 1694. In 1696 be became tutor to the family of Sir John Hartopp of Stoke Newington and of Freeby, Leicestershire, and preached his first sermons in the family chapel at Freeby. He was appointed assistant to the minister of Mark Lane Independent (i.e., Congregational) Chapel, London, in 1699 and in March 1702 became full pastor. Because of a breakdown in health (1712) he went to stay, intending a week's visit, with Sir Thomas Abney in Hertfordshire; he remained with the Abneys for the rest of his life. The famous hymns were written during Watts's Mark Lane ministry. His first collection of hymns and sacred lyrics was Horae Lyricae (1706), quickly followed by Hymns and Spiritual Songs (1707), which included "When I Survey the Wondrous Cross," "There is a Land of Pure Delight," and others that have become known throughout Protestant Christendom. The most famous of all his hymns, "Our God, Our Help in Ages Past" (from his paraphrase of Ps. 90), and "Jesus Shall Reign" (part of his version of Ps. 72), almost equally well known, were published in The Psalms of David Imitated in the Language of the New Testament . . . (1719). During the latter part of his life, Watts devoted much time to writing and published a work that had occupied him for many years, Logic, or the Right Use of Reason in the Enquiry After Truth (1725), which was for several generations a standard textbook.