WAYNESBORO

city, administratively independent of, but located in, Augusta county, north-central Virginia, U.S. It lies in the Shenandoah Valley along the South River, near the junction of Skyline Drive and the Blue Ridge Parkway, 28 miles (45 km) west of Charlottesville. The original settlement of Teesville, named for Joseph Tees, an early landowner, was established in 1739, based on a land grant (1736) from King George II of England. The name was changed in 1797 to honour the American Revolutionary War general Anthony Wayne. The Waynesboro Academy (1832) closed during the American Civil War when the entire student body enlisted in the Confederate Army; it was reopened in 1879 as Fishburne Military School. An important battle occurred (March 2, 1865) nearby when the Confederate troops of General Jubal Early were defeated by General Philip Sheridan's Union troops. Basic City (charted 1889), named for the "basic" steel manufacturing process, developed as an industrial site at the eastern edge of Waynesboro. The two communities were united in 1923 as Waynesboro-Basic; the name Basic was dropped the following year. The city's economy rests on diverse manufacturing (stoves, pencils, food products , textiles, metal products, plastics) and tourism, the latter based on nearby Shenandoah National Park, George Washington National Forest, Sherando Lake Recreation Area, and Grand Caverns. Inc. town, 1797; city, 1948. Pop. (1990) 18,549; (1998 est.) 18,561.