WITTGENSTEIN, LUDWIG (JOSEF JOHANN)

born April 26, 1889, Vienna died April 29, 1951, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, Eng. Austrian-born English philosopher, who was one of the most influential figures in British philosophy during the second quarter of the 20th century and who produced two original and influential systems of philosophical thoughthis logical theories and later his philosophy of language. Major Works: Important works by Wittgenstein include Logisch-Philosophische Abhandlung (1921; Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, trans. by C.K. Ogden, 1922, reissued 1983; trans. by D.F. Pears and B.F. McGuinness, 1961); Philosophische Bemerkungen, ed. by Rush Rhees (1964; Philosophical Remarks, 1975, reissued 1980); Preliminary Studies for the Philosophical Investigations: Generally Known as The Blue and Brown Books (1958, reissued 1972), notes dictated in English to Cambridge students in 193335; Bemerkungen ber die Grundlagen der Mathematik, ed. by G.H. von Wright, R. Rhees, and G.E.M. Anscombe (1956; Remarks on the Foundations of Mathematics, trans. by G.E.M. Anscombe, rev. ed., 1978, reprinted 1983), a selection from his writings on the philosophy of logic and mathematics between 1937 and 1944; Philosophische Untersuchungen (1953; Philosophical Investigations, trans. by G.E.M. Anscombe, 1953, reissued 1984).