XIRGU, MARGARITA

born June 18, 1888, Molns de Rey, Spain died April 25, 1969, Montevideo in full Margarita Xirgu I Subir Catalan actress and producer whose greatest contribution was her advancement of the plays of Federico Garca Lorca. Xirgu made her professional debut in Barcelona in 1906 and five years later joined the Teatro Principal. She made her first appearance in Madrid in 1914, performing exclusively in the Catalan language. Over the next 20 years she applied her depth of feeling and brilliant technique with equal success to comedy and tragedy, including triumphs as Salome, Saint Joan, and Medea. Xirgu became director of the Teatro Espaol in Barcelona, where she produced and starred in the premiere performances of many of Garca Lorca's plays, notably Mariana Pineda (1927) and Yerma (1934). She was on tour in Latin America when the Spanish Civil War broke out in 1936, and she spent the remainder of her life in voluntary exile in Argentina (where she staged the world premiere of Garca Lorca's La casa de Bernarda Alba in 1945) and in Uruguay (where she headed the Montevideo drama school). Her motion pictures include Violante (1910) and Garca Lorca's Bodas de sangre (1939; Blood Wedding).