ZAVADSKY, YURY ALEXANDROVICH

born June 30, 1894, Moscow, Russia died April 5, 1977, Moscow Soviet actor, director, and teacher whose eclectic vision ranged from foreign classics to modern heroic drama. Zavadsky made his acting debut while studying with Eugene Vakhtangov, at whose theatre he played Anthony in Maurice Maeterlinck's The Miracle of St. Anthony (1915). He continued with Vakhtangov and was a principal in his final and most acclaimed production, Turandot (1922). Zavadsky made his directorial debut with Nikolay Gogol's The Marriage (1924), and the conscious theatricality of his staging demonstrated his debt to his teacher. He worked with the Moscow Art Theatre (192431) and became head of the Central Theatre of the Red Army (1932). While at the Central Theatre, Zavadsky began to meld the avant-garde lessons of Vakhtangov with the precepts of Konstantin Stanislavsky; his productions of patriotic dramas, such as Aleksandr Korniychuk's The Destruction of the Squadron, revealed a new emphasis on clarity of form and ensemble acting. After directing the Gorky Theatre in Rostov from 1936 to 1940, Zavadsky returned to Moscow to begin teaching at the State Institute of Theatre Arts and to become chief director of the Mossovet Theatre. He joined the Communist Party in 1944 and was made a full professor at the State Institute in 1947. He continued a series of foreign classics at the Mossovet, including The Merry Wives of Windsor (1957), and he produced works on patriotic themes, such as A. Surov's Dawn Over Moscow (1950). He revived plays by 19th-century Russian playwrights; his Masquerade by Mikhail Lermontov won him a Lenin Prize (1965). In all his later productions, special music elaborately employed and meticulous ensemble acting were hallmarks.