n. 25B6; noun THINKER, theorist, theorizer, theoretician, metaphysicist, metaphysician; scholar, intellectual, sage, wise man. See list.
Philosophers
Abelard, Peter (French) Langer, Susanne (American)
Adorno, Theodor Wiesengrund (German) Lao-tzu (Chinese)
Agnesi, Maria (Italian) Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm (German)
al-Farabi, Mohammed ibn Tarkhan (Persian) Leucippus (Greek)
al-Ghazal 012B; , Abu 0304; Hamid Muhammad (Islamic, b. in Iran) Littré, Émile (French)
Al-Kindi, Abu Yusuf Ya'qub ibn Ishaq (Arabic) Locke, John (English)
Althusser, Louis (French) Lucretius (Roman)
Anaxagoras (Greek) Lukács, György (Hungarian)
Anaximander (Greek) Lyotard, Jean-François (French)
Anaximenes (Greek) Maimonides, Moses (Mosheh ben Maymun; Jewish)
Anselm, St (Italian) Marcuse, Herbert (American)
Aquinas, St Thomas (Italian) Marx, Karl (German)
Arendt, Hannah (American, b. in Germany) Mencius (Chinese)
Aristippus (Greek) Mill, John Stuart (English)
Aristotle (Greek) Montesquieu, Charles, Baron de (French)
Augustine of Hippo, St (North African) Moore, G. E. (English)
Austin, J. L. (British) Nagel, Ernest (American, b. in Czechoslovakia)
Averroës (Islamic, b. in Spain; Arabic name: ibn-Rushd) Nagel, Thomas (American)
Avicenna (Islamic, b. in Persia; Arabic name: ibn-Sina) Nietzsche, Friedrich (German)
Ayer, A. J. (English) Ortega y Gasset, José (Spanish)
Bacon, Francis (English) Paine, Thomas (American)
Bacon, Roger (English) Parmenides (Greek)
Barthes, Roland (French) Pascal, Blaise (French)
Beauvoir, Simone de (French) Peirce, Charles (American)
Bentham, Jeremy (English) Philo Judaeus (of Alexandria)
Bergson, Henri (French) Plato (Greek)
Berkeley, George (Irish) Plotinus (Roman)
Berlin, Isaiah (British, b. in Latvia) Poincaré, Jules (French)
Boethius, Anicius Manlius Severinus (Roman) Popper, Karl (British, b. in Austria)
Bruno, Giordano (Italian) Posidonius of Apamea (Greek)
Buber, Martin (Israeli, b. in Austria) Protagoras (Greek)
Carnap, Rudolf (American) Proudhon, Pierre Joseph (French)
Cassirer, Ernst (German) Pyrrho (Greek)
Chomsky, Noam (American) Pythagoras (Greek)
Cicero, Marcus Tullius (Roman) Quine, Willard van Orman (American)
Comte, Auguste (French) Radakrishnan, Sarvepalli (Indian)
Condillac, Étienne Bonnot de (French) Ramanuja (Indian)
Confucius (Chinese) Ramus, Petrus (Pierre de la Ramée; French)
Cousin, Victor (French) Rand, Ayn (American, b. in Russia)
Crescas, Hasdai ben Abraham (Jewish, b. in Spain) Rawls, John (American)
Croce, Benedetto (Italian) Reid, Thomas (Scottish)
Cudworth, Ralph (English) Roscelin (French)
Democritus (Greek) Rousseau, Jean Jacques (French)
Derrida, Jacques (French) Russell, Bertrand (English)
Descartes, René (French) Ryle, Gilbert (English)
Dewey, John (American) Saint-Simon, Claude-Henri, Comte de (French)
Diderot, Denis (French) Sankara (Indian)
Diogenes Laertius (Greek) Santayana, George (American)
Diogenes of Sinope (Greek) Sartre, Jean-Paul (French)
Emerson, Ralph Waldo (American) Schelling, Friedrich (German)
Empedocles (Greek) Schlegel, Friedrich von (German)
Engels, Friedrich (German) Schlick, Moritz (German)
Epictetus (Greek) Schopenhauer, Arthur (German)
Epicurus (Greek) Sextus Empiricus (Greek)
Feuerbach, Ludwig (German) Simplicius of Cilicia (Greek)
Fichte, Johann Gottlieb (German) Smith, Adam (Scottish)
Foucault, Michel (French) Socrates (Greek)
Frege, Gottlob (German) Solovyov, Vladimir (Russian)
Gentile, Giovanni (Italian) Sorel, Georges (French)
Geulincx, Arnold (Belgian) Spencer, Herbert (English)
Godwin, William (English) Spengler, Oswald (German)
Grosseteste, Robert (English) Spinoza, Baruch (Dutch)
Habermas, Jürgen (German) Steiner, Rudolf (Austrian)
Han fei tzu (Chinese) Strawson, Peter (English)
Hegel, Georg (German) Suárez, Francisco (Spanish)
Heidegger, Martin (German) Swedenborg, Emanuel (Swedish)
Helvétius, Claude (French) Tarski, Alfred (American, b. in Poland)
Heraclitus (Greek) Teilhard de Chardin (French)
Hobbes, Thomas (English) Telesio, Bernardino (Italian)
Horkheimer, Max (German) Thales (Greek)
Hume, David (Scottish) Theophrastus (Greek)
Husserl, Edmund (German) Tillich, Paul (American, b. in Germany)
Hypatia (Greek) Unamuno y Jugo, Miguel de (Spanish)
Iqbal, Muhammad (Indian) Vico, Giambattista (Italian)
James, William (American) Weil, Simone (French)
Jaspers, Karl (Theodor) (German) Whitehead, A. N. (English)
Judah ha-Levi (Jewish) William of Ockham (English)
Kant, Immanuel (German) Wittgenstein, Ludwig (British, b. in Austria)
Kierkegaard, Søren (Danish) Xenophanes of Colophon (Greek)
Kuhn, Thomas (American) Zeno of Citium (Greek)
Lacan, Jacques (French) Zeno of Elea (Greek)
Lakatos, Imre (Hungarian)