SCRATCH


Meaning of SCRATCH in English

■ verb

1》 score or mark with a sharp or pointed object.

↘make a long, narrow superficial wound in the skin of.

↘rub (a part of one's body) with one's fingernails to relieve itching.

↘(of a bird or mammal) rake the ground with the beak or claws in search of food.

↘(often ~ around/along ) make a living or find resources with difficulty.

2》 cancel or strike out (writing) with a pen or pencil.

↘withdraw from a competition.

↘cancel or abandon (an undertaking or project).

3》 play a record using the ~ technique.

■ noun

1》 a mark or wound made by ~ing.

↘ informal a slight or insignificant wound or injury.

↘an act or period of ~ing.

2》 the starting point in a race for a competitor that is not given a handicap or an advantage.

↘ Golf a handicap of zero, indicating that a player is good enough to achieve par on a course.

3》 a technique, used especially in rap music, of stopping a record by hand and moving it back and forwards to give a rhythmic ~ing effect.

4》 informal money.

■ adjective

1》 assembled or made from whatever is available.

2》 (of a sports competitor or event) with no handicap given.

Phrases

from ~ from the very beginning, especially without making use of any previous work.

~ one's head informal think hard in order to find a solution.

~ the surface deal with or investigate a matter only in the most superficial way.

up to ~ up to the required standard; satisfactory.

Derivatives

~er noun

~ing noun

Origin

ME: prob. a blend of the synonymous dialect words scrat and cratch , both of uncertain origin.

Concise Oxford English vocab.      Сжатый оксфордский словарь английского языка.