noun
COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS
■ ADJECTIVE
monoclonal
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In addition the monoclonal antibody showed weak cross reactivity with epithelium.
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As a control, sections were incubated with phosphate buffered saline instead of the primary monoclonal antibodies in the first step.
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Murine monoclonal antibodies conjugated with plasminogen activators may be valuable for targeting the therapeutic agent to thrombus.
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We have raised five monoclonal antibodies against a synthetic dodecapeptide of A-gliadin.
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This monoclonal antibody shows no cross reactivity with transforming growth factor alpha.
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The monoclonal antibodies work by combating the T-Lymphocytes and other threatening cells.
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He talks a lot these days about monoclonal antibodies .
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Workers have also turned their attention to obtaining all-human monoclonal antibodies .
positive
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All 20 tested positive for squalene antibodies .
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In HIV-1-infected patients, positive toxoplasma-specific in-vitro antibody production was rarely associated with a significant rise in serum antibodies.
primary
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Non-specific staining was assessed by omission of the primary antibody .
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As a control, sections were incubated with phosphate buffered saline instead of the primary monoclonal antibodies in the first step.
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Negative controls were obtained by omitting or exchanging the primary antibodies .
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For positive controls, sections containing rectal carcinoma and normal mucosa were employed and for negative controls the primary antibodies were excluded.
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A negative control, in which the primary antibody was omitted, was performed for all sections.
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Each set of sections included a positive colorectal carcinoma control, and a negative control in which the primary antibody was omitted.
specific
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Further evidence of immune mediation has come from the finding of circulating, non-organ specific and organ specific antibodies .
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The body makes a specific antibody for each disease we encounter.
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Each B-cell makes its own specific antibody , depending on the type of intruder to which it is responding.
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A very specific antibody will be produced by the immune system for each disease to which we have been exposed.
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In patients negative to challenge there was no increase in the number of specific antibody secreting cells against beta lactoglobulin and casein.
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Figure 4 depicts the concentrations of IgM specific antibody secreting cells to beta lactoglobulin and casein in these patients.
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Analysis of the concentrations of Giardia specific serum antibodies show that only anti Giardia IgM concentrations were raised in the patients.
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The next step was to chemically link these highly specific antibodies to small magnetised polystyrene spheres.
■ NOUN
igg
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Each of the Edinburgh patients colonised by the epidemic strain showed a rising IgG antibody response to P cepacia-specific cell wall antigen.
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The Pyloriset detects IgG antibodies by agglutination, using Latex particles coated with acid extracted antigen of H pylori.
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Sera from all patients contained IgG antibodies that recognised Giardia heat shock antigen.
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Slides were incubated with 1:16 diluted patient's sera and stained with fluorescein conjugated rabbit antihuman IgG antibodies .
igm
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Among the five people with yellow-fever IgM antibodies that could not be explained by vaccination, there were two pairs of neighbours.
production
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In HIV-1-infected patients, positive toxoplasma-specific in-vitro antibody production was rarely associated with a significant rise in serum antibodies.
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Furthermore, toxoplasma-specific in-vitro antibody production appears several months before the onset of encephalitis.
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Toxoplasma-specific antibody production was confirmed in the positive patients by study of second samples taken 2-4 weeks later.
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They did this by tipping the scales in favour of antibody production - identifying and removing those cells known to suppress antibody production.
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The third group consisted of 84 patients without signs or symptoms of cerebral toxoplasmosis who were negative for toxoplasma-specific antibody production .
response
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Previous work has shown that alcoholics were able to mount an adequate antibody response to pneumococcal polysaccharide antigen.
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It will be made of a string of cocaine molecules that triggers an immune antibody response .
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Each of the Edinburgh patients colonised by the epidemic strain showed a rising IgG antibody response to P cepacia-specific cell wall antigen.
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In some patients, there was four-fold increase in antibody response before the first sputum culture of P cepacia.
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Hence identification of antigenic determinants of IgA response may lead us towards antibody responses likely to be important in parasite clearance.
test
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It is these antibodies which will be detected in standard antibody tests .
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Even before the antibody test is positive, the victim can pass the virus to others by methods that will be explained.
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The intestinal permeability test result was even less reliably related to the gliadin intake than the antigliadin antibody test.
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The antibody test is the best early warning device available.
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The antibody test clearly highlights where the defects in a cell lies, says Sutovsky.
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First, there are different brands of antibody tests made by differ-ent manufacturers.
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The timing of the jejunal biopsies, antigliadin antibody test , and sugar intestinal permeability test is shown in Figure 1.
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The antibody test has proven invaluable as a means of protecting the blood supply.
■ VERB
contain
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A blood test can be used to find out whether a person's blood contains antibodies to the virus.
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It also contain antibodies that protect her against infections - and it costs nothing!
detect
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It is these antibodies which will be detected in standard antibody tests.
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The Pyloriset detects IgG antibodies by agglutination, using Latex particles coated with acid extracted antigen of H pylori.
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Rabbit anti-human immunoglobulin conjugated with alkaline phosphatase was used to detect the bound antibody .
find
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In the past few years, they have found antibodies in 150 patients, Ludwig said.
measure
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Serum gastrin concentration was measured by radioimmunoassay with antibody R98 as previously described.
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Plasma gastrin concentration was measured by radioimmunoassay with antibody G179 provided by Professor Bloom.
produce
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The new vaccine aims to trigger a different kind of immuno-response, producing not antibodies but cells-killer T-cells.
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If we are exposed to chickenpox, our bodies will produce an antibody that will attach itself only to a chickenpox virus.
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Furthermore, many patients given streptokinase produce neutralising antibodies after the first exposure, which reduces effectiveness on subsequent use.
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Second, the body does not produce antibodies immediately upon exposure.
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It is the T-cells which stimulate the B cells to produce the necessary antibodies to protect the body against an invading pathogen.
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The vaccine teaches the immune system to attack nicotine by producing antibodies that neutralise the addictive chemicals before they reach the brain.
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Yeang also claimed he has produced antibodies against bacteria in the sap.
show
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Each of the Edinburgh patients colonised by the epidemic strain showed a rising IgG antibody response to P cepacia-specific cell wall antigen.
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Only 14 out of 105 Crohn's disease patients showed perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody reactivity by indirect immunofluorescence assay.
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A recent study which used the western blotting technique also showed an antibody against granulocytes in similar patients.
stain
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In half the specimens studied these lesions were found only after careful examination of numerous sections and staining with an anti-cytokeratin antibody .
use
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Tumour extracts also contained higher concentrations of immunoreactivity compared with normal tissue, in assays using antibodies L289 and 109-21.
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As well as the morphology, the histochemistry of the preparations was evaluated using fluorescein-conjugated antibodies .
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Major advances in overcoming this difficulty have been made by using antibodies to distinguish between cells that seem very similar.
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The slow kinetics of antigen-antibody dissociation, unfortunately, precludes using antibodies in reversible sensors for continuous monitoring.
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These results are also mirrored by Western blot analysis using antibodies against C/EBPd.
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Indirect immunohistological staining using fluorescein conjugated antibody Exactly the same procedure was carried out as described above.
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The data have been verified immunohistochemically using the monoclonal antibody Ki-67 to show a reduction in the labelling index.
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The serum gastrin concentration was determined by radioimmunoassay using antibody R98.
EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS
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Also in patients with inflammatory bowel disease antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies have been detected.
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Anyone who is antibody positive will find it impossible to get life assurance, should they apply for it.
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In addition the monoclonal antibody showed weak cross reactivity with epithelium.
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Some of the antibodies we used were studied at the international workshop on blood group antibodies at Paris, 1987.
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The labeled antigen and the antibody are part of the reagent system.
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The production of a visceral-specific anti-peptide antibody should permit a further investigation of its expression in smooth muscle cells.
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They reported that half of depressed patients studied had borna antibodies, compared to 1 percent in normal controls.
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Traditionally, that has meant injecting people with a weakened or killed version of the virus itself, triggering antibodies.