CLOSELY

adverb

COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES

a closely guarded/well-kept secret (= a secret that few people are allowed to know )

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The recipe is a closely guarded secret.

be closely/directly/strongly etc linked

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Our economy is inextricably linked with America’s.

be closely/inextricably intertwined

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The problems of crime and unemployment are closely intertwined.

closely aligned

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a country closely aligned with the West

closely aligned

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This policy is closely aligned with the goals of the organization.

closely connected

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Mr Edelson was closely connected with Trinity College.

closely cropped

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Stella’s had her hair closely cropped .

closely guarded secret

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a closely guarded secret

closely related

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I want to focus on a small number of closely related questions.

closely

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This poem closely resembles an earlier one.

closely

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I watched him closely while he was giving his evidence.

closely/inextricably/tightly etc interwoven

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The two themes are inextricably interwoven in the book.

closely/tightly etc knit (= with all the members having close relationships )

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a closely knit community

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Harold is part of a tightly knit team.

cooperate closely

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The church seeks to cooperate closely with local schools.

correlate strongly/significantly/closely

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Lack of prenatal care correlates strongly with premature birth.

correspond closely/exactly/precisely to sth

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The description of these events corresponds closely to other accounts written at the time.

match exactly/closely/perfectly

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The copy closely matches the original.

monitoring...closely

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The government is monitoring the situation closely .

questioned...closely (= asked them a lot of questions )

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Joseph questioned the doctors closely .

COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS

■ ADJECTIVE

related

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One closely related question has also been the subject of much recent discussion.

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They are not particularly closely related .

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Terms such as alternative, natural, unorthodox, or unconventional are closely related but not synonymous.

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Similar processes would explain anomalies such as the existence of closely related species in widely separated locations.

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Nevertheless, Bell is right in pointing out that style shift and code switching are closely related .

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There were two closely related matters which concerned men of the late Middle Ages.

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A closely related substance, which was given the name Sontochin, was also laid aside.

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This, and a closely related isolate, are now in commercial production for control of this pest.

■ VERB

align

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More than 50 seats were won by independents, many of whom are closely aligned with Mr Khatami's conservative foes.

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Deng closely aligned himself with this stance.

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Again, this is where sculpture is closely aligned to social and political history.

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Love and pity are closely aligned , didn't you know?

ally

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Concepts of instrumentation in this period appear still to be closely allied to Renaissance consort principles.

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Closely allied to the fundamental fear-complex within the personality is violence.

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The second reason is closely allied to the first.

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Closely allied to our aims and ethos are the School's pastoral system and support network.

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The Spirit brings reconciliation Reconciliation is closely allied to this concept of unity.

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There's charm here, but it's closely allied to wit and shares with it a piercing quality.

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By contrast, the professions of journalism and politics continue to be closely allied .

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Ophiohelus is considered to be closely allied to these three genera.

associate

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The Prime Minister designate obviously viewed me with suspicion, as being closely associated with his predecessor.

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The men are often in the home, doing work closely associated with women in most societies.

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The two were closely associated in the Spontaneous Music Ensemble in the 1960s and this dialogue after along silence fired them both.

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Even with alcohol being legal, it is far more closely associated with the commission of crime than are drugs.

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Instead, the basalt flows and volcanic central peaks are found to be very closely associated with large craters.

connect

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Equally Leudast's position in Tours was closely connected with changing royal control of the city.

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It is not isolated but closely connected with contemporary movements.

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He is closely connected with that woman of yer father's, Rosalli Gabrielli.

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A long-term irritant to the police has been the ongoing allegation that some officers have been closely connected with freemasonry.

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Green politics are closely connected with the emergence of a critical consumer movement.

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There is also increased awareness that educational achievements are closely connected to national cultures and traditions.

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Some of them were closely connected with those already in existence but they also sprang from advances in science and technology.

control

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Their budgets are closely controlled by Congress and any departmental legislative proposals will have to run the gauntlet of Congressional scrutiny.

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People's performances, including their dress and speech, can in this way be closely controlled .

cooperate

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Social services departments cooperate closely with voluntary organizations concerned with the welfare of deprived children.

correlate

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Electricity sales are closely correlated to economic growth.

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In our studies pepsin output correlated closely with acid output.

correspond

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Constructive and destructive waves correspond closely with two of the main types of breaker recognised today, namely spilling and plunging breakers.

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Each of them has gods and ancestors whose respective power closely corresponds to that of the social groups themselves.

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These differences correspond closely to the increased digestion of the upper teeth.

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The story presents a picture of the luckless, homeless skinhead which corresponds closely to the movement's own mythology about itself.

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This diversification has been shown to correspond closely to a simple exponential growth model.

examine

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These areas look wild and unaffected by man, until they are closely examined .

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I examined closely where the squirrel had bitten the branches, and found the bite marks in the thin bark.

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He scrutinised Ruthven's corpse, paying particular attention to the hands and closely examining the callous on Ruthven's third finger.

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This issue needs to be closely examined to determine the correct balance between initial openness of the l-way architecture and investment incentives.

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Take it further and closely examine the warehouse.

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Their works should be even more closely examined for relevance to your proposed project.

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One has to examine closely what arguments can establish the validity of such consent.

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He said interesting and constructive submissions on franchising had been received from the private sector and these were being examined closely .

follow

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Operant conditioning involves contiguity, in that the reinforcing event follows closely the production of a response.

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The Times reporter closely followed the resuscitation attempt.

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All Saints topped the chart with Pure Shores, closely followed by two artists who played live in Ireland last year.

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Traffic and noise, dirt and pollution and crime followed closely behind.

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Pearson, as said by some one else, closely followed by chappy.

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Progress in rocket performance closely followed establishment of these organizations.

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Today a narrow road follows closely the eleven mile perimeter of inlets and bays.

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From then on the Chamber began following closely each development as the messages were in turn deciphered and translated.

guard

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The deal, though its precise value is closely guarded , is rumoured to rank as the largest leasing transaction of 1991.

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For more than forty years his existence had been a closely guarded secret.

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They continued to be closely guarded and severely restricted in their movements.

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His smoking had been one of the most closely guarded secrets of the campaign.

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It was almost as closely guarded a secret as Operation Majestic UK8.

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The winning design was chosen a few months ago and has been a closely guarded secret.

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Details of the program are closely guarded secrets.

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Why had he chosen to make Vicky privy to this most closely guarded secret, and not me?

hold

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You are re-shaping your beliefs and re-examining your values that have been closely held since childhood.

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Last week the closely held firm announced it had sold $ 17. 25 million worth of limited partnership interests.

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The closely held retailer said it would sue its partner to recoup more than $ 50 million it claims was unfairly withdrawn.

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Family-owned firms frequently are closely held .

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Steris Corp. said it purchased Ecomed Inc., a closely held Indianapolis company.

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The candidates' true electoral strategies, however, are closely held secrets.

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Well, closely held companies often need the money available on the public stock exchanges.

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Chapter 16 discusses the theory and practice of valuing closely held businesses and presents a business valuation case study.

identify

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And this possibility had been closely identified with the figure of Osvaldo himself.

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It is true that religion has been closely identified with our history and government....

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Labour had disappointed many of its supporters, who closely identified the party with the advancement of the welfare state.

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Reference groups are groups with which an individual closely identifies .

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I was not the only one to have identified closely with my character.

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This was the activity with which they came to be most closely identified in the first fifty years of their existence.

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But one should not ignore the fact that the Party was also developing its economic policies and identifying closely with the unemployed.

involve

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The language young children hear comes mostly from people who are closely involved with them.

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You get closely involved for a few weeks or a few months, and then you send them off.

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Johannes Uyttenbogaert was closely involved with the Remonstrants, a liberal and political movement opposed to the extremes of Calvinism.

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So we agreed on a step-by-step approach that would closely involve the raftbuilders of Sam Son.

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The client remains closely involved in each stage of the investigation.

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He also was closely involved in planning the action.

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They are very closely involved with each component of their work.

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Bassett was closely involved in the success of Wimbledon's Crazy Gang, so he is no overnight success.

knit

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It became even more individualistic and displayed few signs of the closely knit and hierarchically organized structure of the previous era.

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Her husband, she says, comes from a very closely knit family and so she continues to feel uneasy.

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She had married a large, closely knit family.

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There can be no question that the family of J.M. Barrie was closely knit .

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Not far from the railway line lived a closely knit family, Mr and Mrs Gorman and their only daughter, Marion.

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How closely knit are pollinating animals and plants in rain forest?

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In the closely knit ranks of the Sussex gentry such a royal action could only further enhance growing doubts of Stuart intentions.

link

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This is closely linked to their passivity: it does not occur to them that they could make changes in their world.

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Because power and personality are closely linked , it means that individuals will not change easily.

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Another more general philosophical argument is closely linked with the theory-dependence of observation.

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We know surprisingly little about vanished civilizations whose majesty and whose ultimate demise were closely linked to liberties they took with water.

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The development of Confucianism was closely linked with the teaching of the educated classes.

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Music, tears, song, breath are so closely linked for me - like a great life giving force.

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The problem of interpretation is closely linked to the place of the artefact in intersubjective order.

listen

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You must also listen closely for the vitriolic jewels that emerge from behind the gold-capped smiles.

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Leslie Everett Dove had watched and listened closely .

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Then 68, he stooped at the shoulders, as if listening closely and looking on with leaky blue eyes.

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That reminded me of Mother, and I listened closely .

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She had said much more, and while he had not listened closely , he had got the gist.

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If so, we had best listen closely , since we will not get another chance.

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Have you ever listened closely to yourself, Shannon?

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Grossman and his colleagues listened closely .

look

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Look closely and you will see the sign: Royal Pet Grooming.

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The Commission has also looked closely at the potential anticompetitive effects of vertical integration.

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Say you see a spore in the moss; every day it could be different if you look closely .

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On his way he passed the church, where he looked closely at the old tower door.

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We will continue to look closely at mergers in the brewing industry which fall for consideration under the fair trading legislation.

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Narbutas looked closely at the corners, where two thin slices of granite met.

match

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Use a foundation that closely matches your skintone, topped with transparent loose powder to set, then add your pinks.

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I would try to guide a child to work with texts in which the pictures more closely match the words.

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Table 3.5 shows that sterling and non-sterling liabilities are quite closely matched by corresponding assets.

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These are the environments that, in terms at least of summer climates, most closely match milder parts of the northern tundra.

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The first is that the data model more closely matches some real-world entities.

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The stored characters that most closely match the input are identified as the most likely interpretation of that input.

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These firms are closely matched in terms of industry, size, and complexity.

monitor

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Conditionalities and controls must be effectively designed, applied to all involved, transparent in operation and closely monitored .

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Researcher Gordon Wells monitored closely the talk 20 children from a wide range of socioeconomic backgrounds engaged in at home and school.

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Livestock in the area had been closely monitored but little attention had been paid to wild fowl.

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Those patients who have the procedure are monitored closely in follow-up research.

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Thyroid function in neuroblastoma patients treated with this compound should be closely monitored .

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Of particular concern to the industry is the company's agreement to more closely monitor gun distribution.

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The talks were closely monitored via mobile phone, and a bonfire of tyres and bobbins of rayon was kept burning.

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Now we have closely monitored play groups, play dates, and quality time.

question

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Mr Clarke was questioned closely on whether there had been any consultation with Mrs Shephard.

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Police say anyone refusing will be questioned closely about their reasons.

relate

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In addition to the cuneiform inscriptions of Old Persian, there was also a closely related liturgical language known as Avestan.

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This is closely related to item 3 above.

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This is closely related to the history of the town centre development.

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Both talking politics and feeling relatively unrestricted about with whom one can safely discuss politics are closely related to educational attainment.

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However, philosophy is also closely related to many other disciplines.

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Some financial managers transfer to closely related positions in other industries.

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If tonalities are not closely related the tonal conflict will be more evident according to the degree of disagreement between the scales.

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The strange environment, however, was invariably related closely to the original.

resemble

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Any new facilities constructed will closely resemble the facilities of commercial sector health clubs such as David Lloyd Centres or Esporta.

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W says the material removes resonance and standing waves, reproducing music that more closely resembles the original.

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It operates through receptors whose molecular and physiological properties closely resemble the calcium-mobilizing ryanodine receptors of muscle.

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Outside, there was an atmosphere at times more closely resembling a carnival midway than the greatest peacetime sporting event.

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The outer half of the belt is dominated by the C-type asteroids, very dark materials that closely resemble carbonaceous meteorites.

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Flaccid, deeply dissected, submerged foliage closely resembling an out-stretched bird's foot.

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It closely resembles E. macrophyllus and like the latter has no pellucid markings in the leaf blades.

study

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Furthermore, all these colours and actions can be understood if they are studied closely enough.

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Every episode, when studied closely , dissolves into a series of actions, gestures and characters.

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However, the tenant's advisers must study closely the terms of the deemed subletting.

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He's closely studied Clinton's Oxford career, writing to all his classmates now living in the States.

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Still, she thought ruefully, most heroes would have feet of clay if studied closely .

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Mr Pullinger placed the chain on a black velvet cushion before closely studying the stones through a small eye glass.

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Some of these are disruptive and maladaptive or neurotic, and as a result they have been closely studied .

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Det Supt Bob Fenton, who is leading the inquiry, said all the new information would be studied closely .

tie

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In the long run, investment is closely tied to profits.

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The train itself was much more closely tied to the larger organization.

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Here, technique, perception and response were closely tied together.

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Other acts may be equally important as accompaniments of language, though not tied closely to particular things in grammar.

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Instead of the usual scapegoating of oystercatchers, local fishermen recognise that their fortunes are closely tied to those of the birds.

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But Li is closely tied to the eldest of the revolutionary generation.

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Competence and efficiency are closely tied to personal senses of worth and value.

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Being too closely tied to one stock can be nerve-racking.

watch

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Countries in the Middle East will be watching closely .

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The afternoon will feature three stakes and a closely watched maiden race.

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Such insider selling is closely watched by some investors for signs of potential problems within companies.

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The Food Lion suit has been closely watched because hidden-camera reports have become a popular staple of network newsmagazine shows.

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The text needs to be watched closely for all may not be as it seems at first.

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In one of the most closely watched races in the country, he defeated incumbent Republican Andrea Seastrand in a bitter rematch.

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Would watch closely and see how matters developed.

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Single males are closely watched at nudist gatherings, says Liz.

work

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James worked closely with his bishops, and in particular with George Abbot, whom he appointed Archbishop of Canterbury in 1611.

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We are outsiders to large corporations, but we work closely with the insiders.

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It is not often that social workers are given the opportunity to work closely with people at the end of their lives.

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Despite their racial and religious divergence, he and Omar worked closely together running the caravan.

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They worked closely during Desert Storm.

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Betts worked closely with SmithKline Beecham to produce the snap-on dispensing closures.

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Had I not worked closely with him I would have seen little of this.

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Midland has worked closely with the retailer to introduce point of sale terminals which can accept Switch cards.

EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES

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Bush worked closely with Gorbachev to improve Soviet relations with the U.S.

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The flash of lightning was closely followed by thunder.

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These two issues are closely linked, and it makes sense to consider them together.

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Voters should closely examine all the issues.

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Watch the area closely to make sure it does not become infected.

EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS

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Changes in Expectations from the Farm Responses given to this question were linked very closely to changes in family circumstances.

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Far away, the curve hugs the axis very closely .

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I stooped down before the stone and peered closely at it.

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In recent years Applied Linguistics at Edinburgh has been closely involved in the organisation of international seminars and conferences.

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Sequent, too, he suggests, is looking closely at problems with bus bandwidth and distributed computing.

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The men are often in the home, doing work closely associated with women in most societies.

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When the town was closely invested, Marquez decided to seek favorable terms for himself.