/ piːˈnɒlədʒi; pɪ-; NAmE -ˈnɑːl-/ noun
[ U ] the scientific study of the punishment of criminals and the operation of prisons
► pen·olo·gist / piːˈnɒlədʒɪst; pɪ-; NAmE -ˈnɑːl-/ noun
••
WORD ORIGIN
mid 19th cent.: from Latin poena penalty + -logy .
/ piːˈnɒlədʒi; pɪ-; NAmE -ˈnɑːl-/ noun
[ U ] the scientific study of the punishment of criminals and the operation of prisons
► pen·olo·gist / piːˈnɒlədʒɪst; pɪ-; NAmE -ˈnɑːl-/ noun
••
WORD ORIGIN
mid 19th cent.: from Latin poena penalty + -logy .
Oxford Advanced Learner's English Dictionary. Оксфордский английский словарь для изучающик язык на продвинутом уровне. 2005