EVOLUTION


Meaning of EVOLUTION in English

ˌevəˈlüshən also ˌēv- or -vəlˈyü- noun

( -s )

Etymology: Latin evolution-, evolutio act of unrolling, from evolutus + -ion-, -io -ion

1.

a. : a series of related changes in a certain direction : process of change : organic development : unfolding , movement , transformation

the evolution of his hair has been from brown to gray, to bald — Current Biography

the evolution of a complicated plot

it should be remembered that even in the biological world, evolution is not always in the direction of progress — A.B.Novikoff

the evolution of the seasons

there has been much discussion as to … the possible evolution of benign adenomas into invasive carcinoma — Journal American Medical Association

b.

(1) : a process of continuous change from a lower, simpler, or worse condition to a higher, more complex, or better state : progressive development : growth , progress

the evolution of the capitalist forms of business organization, from primitive units to the modern corporation — W.C.Scoville

the evolution from childhood to manhood

the evolution of physics from Galileo to Einstein

the evolution of the rifle

(2) : a process of gradual and relatively peaceful social, political, and economic advance or amelioration — often contrasted with revolution

a British pattern of change by evolution … which contrasts with less attractive changes by revolution in other countries — Current History

c. : the end product of an evolutionary process : something that is evolved

economically it is an evolution of the ancient system of barter — Encyc. Americana

the style of the King James version … is … an evolution …, the resultant of a long selective process — J.L.Lowes

2. : one of a set of prescribed movements or motions (as those of a skater, dancer, a body of troops, a fleet, or other formation) : any movement designed to effect a new arrangement by passing from one position to another : maneuver

evolutions of the eight pink bridesmaids and the eight black ushers — Edith Wharton

3. : the process of working out or developing (as an idea, design, or theme)

the greatest task facing agricultural scientists in this region is the evolution of an adaptable farming system — Farmer's Weekly (South Africa)

4. mathematics : the extraction of roots — opposed to involution

5.

a.

(1) archaic : the development of an organism by gradual unfolding of parts (as in the growth of a plant from a seed)

(2) : the presumed process of development in which a germ containing the adult parts in miniature was stimulated to differentiate by the action of fertilization — opposed to epigenesis ; compare encasement

b. : the development of a race, species, or other group : phylogeny : the process by which through a series of changes or steps any living organism or group of organisms has acquired the morphological and physiological characters which distinguish it : the theory that the various types of animals and plants have their origin in other preexisting types, the distinguishable differences being due to modifications in successive generations — compare darwinism , heredity , mutation , natural selection , variation , weismannism

6.

a. : the progressive development of civilization and social institutions in a fixed sequence of stages — called also unilinear evolution ; see evolutionism

b. : a process of cultural change determined especially by technological factors and marked by a movement from simplicity to complexity and the gradual increase of man's control over his environment

7.

a. : the process of the whole universe conceived as a progression of interrelated phenomena

b. : the theory of such progression — compare emergent evolution , spencerianism

Webster's New International English Dictionary.      Новый международный словарь английского языка Webster.