or Hsi-an conventional Sian
City (pop., 1999 est.: 2,294,790), capital of Shaanxi province, east-central China.
Located on the Wei River , the site served as the capital of 11 dynasties beginning in the 11th century BC. It became one of the most splendid cities of the ancient world during the Tang dynasty (AD 618907) and was a thriving commercial centre. Marco Polo visited in the 13th century. It was an entry point in the 1920s for communist ideology from the Soviet Union. In 1936, after Nationalist leader Chiang Kai-shek had been kidnapped there (see Xi'an Incident ), the communists and Nationalists formed a united front against Japanese invaders. It is the site of several educational institutions and numerous temples and pagodas. It has become an important tourist destination with the discovery of the nearby tomb of Emperor Shihuangdi , with its army of 6,000 life-size terracotta warriors.