MEMORY


Meaning of MEMORY in English

I

In

Most digital computer systems have two types of memory, the main memory and one or more auxiliary storage units. In most cases, the main memory is a high-speed RAM . Auxiliary storage units include hard disks , floppy disks , and magnetic tape drives. Besides main and auxiliary memories, other forms of memory include ROM and optical storage media such as videodiscs and compact discs (see CD-ROM ).

II

Power or process of recalling or reproducing what has been learned or experienced.

Research indicates that the ability to retain information is fairly uniform among normal individuals; what differs is the degree to which persons learn or take account of something to begin with and the kind and amount of detail that is retained. Attention , motivation , and especially association facilitate this process. Visual images are generally better remembered than are other forms of sense-data. Memory prodigies, or people with "photographic" or "eidetic" memories, often draw heavily on visual associations, including mnemonics. Many psychologists distinguish between short-and long-term memory. The former (variously said to last 10 seconds to 3 minutes) is less subject to interference and distortion than the latter. Long-term memory is sometimes divided into episodic (i.e., event-centred) and semantic (i.e., knowledge-centred) memory. Various models of memory have been proposed, from the Enlightenment notion of impressions made on brain tissues (restyled as "memory molecules" or coded "engrams" in the 20th century) to B.F. Skinner 's "black box" to more recent ideas concerning information processing or the formation of neuronal groups. Disorders of or involving memory include Alzheimer disease , amnesia , Korsakoff syndrome, post-traumatic stress disorder , and senile dementia. See also hypnosis .

III

[c mediumvioletred] (as used in expressions)

{{link=erasable programmable read only memory">erasable programmable read only memory

random access memory

read only memory

compact disc read only memory

Britannica English dictionary.      Английский словарь Британика.