BRAMANTE, DONATO

born 1444, probably at Monte Asdruvaldo, Duchy of Urbino died April 11, 1514, Rome Donato also spelled Donino, or Donnino architect who introduced the High Renaissance style in architecture. His early works in Milan included the rectory of S. Ambrogio and the church of Sta. Maria delle Grazie. In Rome, Bramante served as principal planner of Pope Julius II's comprehensive project for rebuilding the city. St. Peter's Basilica, of which he was the chief architect, was begun in 1506. Other major Roman works were the Tempietto at S. Pietro in Montorio (1502) and the Belvedere court in the Vatican (begun c. 1505). Additional reading The most important general biographical and critical publications with extensive bibliographies on the life and work of Bramante are Costantino Baroni, Bramante (1944), in Italian; Otto Forster, Bramante (1956), in German; F.G. Wolff Metternich, Der Kupferstich . . . , in Rmisches Jahrbuch fr Kunstgeschichte, 11:9108 (196768), for the Urbino and Milanese periods; Arnaldo Bruschi, Bramante architetto (1969) and Bramante (1973); Bramante in the Dizionario biografico degli Italiani, vol. 13 (1971); F. Sangiorgi, Bramante hastrubaldino, documenti per una biografia bramantesca (1970), for the problem of his birthplace and biographical dates for the Urbino period; and Bramante tra Umanesimo e Manierismo (1970), the catalog of the historical and critical exhibition commemorating Bramante, held in Rome, September 1970. Major Works: Frescoes on the facade of the Palazzo del Podest, Bergamo (1477); Sta. Maria presso S. Satiro, Milan (c. 1480); cathedral at Pavia (plan, crypt, etc., 1488); tribuna of the Sta. Maria delle Grazie, Milan (1492); canonica and cloisters at S. Ambrogio, Milan (149299); cloister, Sta. Maria della Pace, Rome (150004); Tempietto, S. Pietro in Montorio, Rome (1502); Belvedere courtyard, Vatican, Rome (begun c. 1505); plans for rebuilding St. Peter's, Rome (150506); Sta. Maria del Popolo, Rome (new choir, 150509); Palazzo dei Tribunali, Rome (never completed, 1508); House of Raphael (formerly Palazzo Caprini), Rome (c. 1510? destroyed).