SHORT


Meaning of SHORT in English

■ adjective

1》 of a small length or duration.

↘(of a ball in sport) travelling only a small distance before bouncing.

2》 relatively small in extent.

3》 (of a person) small in height.

4》 ( ~ of/on ) not having enough of (something); lacking or deficient in.

↘in insufficient supply.

5》 (of a person) terse; uncivil.

6》 Phonetics (of a vowel) categorized as ~ with regard to quality and length (e.g. in standard British English the vowel ʊ in good ).

↘ Prosody (of a vowel or syllable) having the lesser of the two recognized durations.

7》 (of odds or a chance) reflecting or representing a high level of probability.

8》 Stock Exchange (of shares or other assets) sold in advance of being acquired.

↘(of a security) maturing at a relatively early date.

9》 (of pastry) containing a high proportion of fat to flour and therefore crumbly.

↘(of clay) having poor plasticity.

■ adverb (in sport) at, to, or over a ~ distance.

↘not as far as the point aimed at.

■ noun

1》 Brit. informal a strong alcoholic drink, especially spirits, served in small measures.

2》 a ~ film as opposed to a feature film.

3》 a ~ sound, vowel, or syllable.

4》 a ~ circuit.

5》 ( ~s ) Stock Exchange ~-dated stocks.

6》 ( ~s ) a mixture of bran and coarse flour.

■ verb ~-circuit.

Phrases

be caught (or Brit. taken ) ~

1》 be put at a disadvantage.

2》 Brit. informal urgently need to urinate or defecate.

a brick ~ of a load (or two sandwiches ~ of a picnic , etc.) informal (of a person) stupid or crazy.

bring (or pull ) someone up ~ cause someone to stop or pause abruptly.

for ~ as an abbreviation or nickname.

get (or have ) someone by the ~ and curlies informal have complete control of a person.

go ~ not have enough of something, especially food.

in ~ to sum up; briefly.

in ~ order chiefly N. Amer. immediately; rapidly.

in the ~ run (or term ) in the near future.

in ~ supply (of a commodity) scarce.

make ~ work of accomplish, consume, or destroy quickly.

~ and sweet brief and pleasant.

~ for an abbreviation or nickname for.

~ of

1》 less than.

2》 not reaching as far as.

3》 without going so far as (some extreme action).

~ of breath panting; ~-winded.

stop ~ stop suddenly or abruptly.

Derivatives

~ish adjective

~ness noun

Origin

OE sceort , of Gmc origin; related to shirt , skirt .

Concise Oxford English vocab.      Сжатый оксфордский словарь английского языка.