I.
noun
ADJECTIVE
▪ high , low
▪ direct , indirect
▪ flat
▪ basic-rate , higher-rate (both BrE )
▪ progressive , redistributive
▪ regressive
▪
A regressive ~ takes proportionately more of a poor person's income.
▪ stealth ( BrE )
▪ windfall
▪
a windfall ~ on the profits of the last few years
▪ back ( informal )
▪
The ~ office demanded £80 000 in back ~es.
▪ council ( BrE ), poll ( esp. BrE )
▪ federal , local , national , state
▪ capital , capital gains , death ( AmE ), dividend ( AmE ), estate ( AmE ), income , inheritance , land , payroll , profits , property , social-security , wealth
▪ consumption , luxury , purchase ( BrE ), sales , value added (= VAT) ( BrE )
▪ personal
▪ company ( BrE ), corporate , corporation
▪ car , road ( BrE ), vehicle
▪
It's time to renew your car ~.
▪ carbon , energy , fuel , gas ( AmE ), gasoline ( AmE ), petrol ( BrE )
▪ excise , import
▪ environmental , green
VERB + TAX
▪ pay
▪ owe
▪ charge , impose , introduce , levy , put
▪
Direct ~es could only be levied with the consent of Parliament.
▪
The government may put an indirect ~ on books.
▪ collect
▪
the government department responsible for collecting ~es
▪ deduct
▪
Your employer will deduct the ~ for you.
▪ calculate
▪ increase , put up , raise
▪ cut , keep down , lower , reduce
▪ abolish , repeal
▪ eliminate
▪ overpay
▪ claim back , reclaim ( BrE )
▪ offset sth against , set sth off against , write sth off against (all BrE )
▪
Claims for expenses can be set off against ~.
▪ avoid , escape
▪ evade
▪
She was charged with conspiracy to evade ~es.
TAX + VERB
▪ go up , increase , rise
▪
Taxes look set to rise again.
▪ come/go down , fall
▪ be chargeable ( BrE ), be payable
▪
the amount on which capital gains ~ is payable
TAX + NOUN
▪ payer (usually taxpayer )
▪
a higher-rate ~ payer
▪ preparer ( AmE )
▪ authority/authorities , man (usually taxman ) ( informal ), office
▪
She owes the taxman £10 000.
▪ law , legislation , measures , package , policy , reform , structure , system
▪ season ( AmE )
▪
April is ~ season.
▪ year ( BrE )
▪
The ~ year begins in April.
▪ cut , reduction
▪ hike , increase
▪ band ( BrE ), bracket , code , rate , threshold
▪
Her salary puts her in the highest ~ bracket.
▪ dollars , money , receipts , revenue , yield
▪ collection
▪ assessment , form , return
▪
You have to fill in your ~ return by tomorrow.
▪ advantage , allowance , benefit , break , concession , credit , exemption , incentive , perks ( BrE ), rebate , refund , relief , saving
▪
There are ~ advantages to working freelance.
▪
You will only receive ~ relief on the first $30 000.
▪ deduction
▪ affairs , arrangements (both BrE )
▪
His ~ affairs are under investigation by the police.
▪ records
▪ preparation ( esp. BrE )
▪ avoidance
▪ loophole
▪
Her accountant was good at exploiting ~ loopholes.
▪ shelter
▪ dodge , evasion , fraud
▪
He gave the Porsche to his mother as a ~ dodge.
▪ dodger
▪ exile ( esp. BrE )
▪
She is living as a ~ exile in Monaco.
▪ haven
▪
The island is a popular ~ haven for the very rich.
▪ assessor ( AmE ), collector , consultant , inspector ( BrE )
▪ bill , charge , payment
▪ arrears ( BrE )
▪
He was ordered to pay £2 million in ~ arrears.
▪ liability
▪
an increase in ~ liability on company cars
▪ burden
▪
He was criticized for putting a new ~ burden on the poor.
▪ base
▪
By broadening the ~ base (= making more people pay tax) the chancellor could raise more revenues.
PREPOSITION
▪ after ~ , before ~
▪
Profits after ~ were $562 000.
▪ in ~
▪
Collectively, smokers pay over £15 000 a day in ~.
▪ ~ on
▪
to introduce a 60% ~ on alcohol
PHRASES
▪ for ~ purposes
▪
He is non-resident for ~ purposes.
▪
the rules for deciding on someone's residence status for UK ~ purposes
▪ the rate of ~
▪
an increase in the basic rate of ~
▪ inspector of ~es ( BrE )
II.
verb
ADVERB
▪ heavily , highly
▪
Many self-employed people are heavily ~ed.
▪
goods which are most highly ~ed
▪ lightly
PREPOSITION
▪ according to
▪
Drinks would be ~ed according to their alcoholic strength.
▪ at
▪
Many goods were ~ed at 17.5%.
▪ on
▪
You will be ~ed on all your income.
Tax is used with these nouns as the object: ↑ dividend , ↑ earnings , ↑ patience