born April 18, 1927, New York, N.Y., U.S.
U.S. political scientist.
After receiving a doctorate from Harvard University, he spent most of his career teaching at Harvard, specializing in defense and international affairs. He has been a consultant to many government agencies. Among his many books are Political Order in Changing Societies (1968), in which he suggested that developing countries are not always likely to create liberal-democratic institutions, and Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of the World Order (1996), in which he predicted conflicts between the world's major cultures in the post-Cold War era.