In the philosophy of mathematics , the thesis that all mathematical propositions are expressible as or derivable from the propositions of pure logic .
Gottlob Frege attempted to establish the thesis in his Die Grundlagen der Arithmetik (1884) and other works; Bertrand Russell argued for logicism in The Principles of Mathematics (1903) and attempted a formal proof with Alfred North Whitehead in Principia Mathematica (191013).