n.
born Feb. 9, 1891, Faenza, Italy
died Jan. 1, 1980, Rome
Italian politician.
He joined the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) in 1921 and edited its newspaper, Avanti! (192226). After criticizing the Fascist Party and Benito Mussolini , he was arrested and fled to Paris (1926). In the Spanish Civil War, he cofounded the Garibaldi Brigade. He was imprisoned in Germany and Italy in World War II, then became leader of the PSI; he led the left wing in alliance with the Communist Party until 1956. In 1963 he allied the PSI with the Christian Democrats and served as vice premier in three successive cabinets and as foreign minister (196869).