born Jan. 27, 1775, Leonberg, Württemberg
died Aug. 20, 1854, Bad Ragaz, Switz.
German philosopher and educator.
Inspired by Immanuel Kant , in his System of Transcendental Idealism (1800) he attempted to unite his concept of nature with the philosophy of Johann Gottlieb Fichte . He held that art mediates between the natural and physical spheres when the natural (or unconscious) and spiritual (or conscious) productions are united in artistic creation. His view that the Absolute expresses itself in all beings as the unity of the subjective and the objective was criticized by G.W.F. Hegel . In Of Human Freedom (1809), he declared that mankind's freedom is real only if it is freedom for both good and evil, a position that forms the basis of his later philosophy. A major figure of post-Kantian idealism , Schelling had an important influence on Romanticism. See also Immanuel Kant ; Kantianism .