born May 31, 1863, Murree, India
died July 31, 1942, Lytchett Minster, Dorset, England
British army officer and explorer.
He forced the conclusion of the Anglo-Tibetan Treaty (1904) that gained Britain long-sought trade concessions. His two initial attempts to negotiate trade and frontier issues with Tibet failed despite British military action; he then marched to Lhasa with British troops and forced the conclusion of a trade treaty, though the Dalai Lama , Tibet's leader, had fled. See also amban .