born July 13, 1608, Graz, Inner Austria
died April 2, 1657, Vienna
Holy Roman emperor (1637–57), archduke of Austria (1621–57), king of Hungary (1625–57) and king of Bohemia (1627–57).
Denied command of the Habsburg armies in the Thirty Years' War , Ferdinand conspired to overthrow Gen. Albrecht W.E. von Westphalia , ending 30 years of religious strife in central Europe.