born Sept. 1, 1907, Wheeling, W.Va., U.S.
died May 9, 1970, Pellston, Mich.
U.S. labour leader.
He became an apprentice tool-and diemaker at age 16. He traveled around the world in the 1930s, developing a lifelong distaste for communism after spending two years in a Soviet auto factory. He became a local union leader in Detroit, Mich., and helped organize sit-down strikes
during which he suffered brutal physical attacks
that made the United Automobile Workers (UAW) a power in the auto industry. As president of the UAW from 1946 until his death, he was an effective negotiator of wages-and-hours gains. He became president of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) in 1952 and was an architect of the AFL-CIO merger in 1955. He was second in power to Teamsters Union . He died in a plane crash.