ADMIRALTY ISLANDS

in Papua New Guinea, extension of the Bismarck Archipelago comprising a group of about 40 islands. The group lies in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, about 190 miles (300 km) off the northern coast of Papua New Guinea. The volcanic Manus Island (q.v.) constitutes the majority of its land area and is the site of Lorengau, the islands' principal settlement. Possibly explored by the Spaniard lvaro Saavedra in 1528, the group was sighted by the Dutch navigator Willem Schouten in 1616 and named by the British captain Philip Carteret in 1767. Constituted part of a German protectorate in 1884, the islands were captured by Australia in 1914 and were included in the territory mandated to that nation in 1921. They were occupied by Japan from 1942 to 1944 and made part of the UN Trust Territory of New Guinea in 1946. When Papua New Guinea attained its independence in 1975, the islands became part of that country. The economy of the Admiralty Islands is primarily agricultural, consisting of copra production and some coffee growing. Copper deposits were located on Manus Island in 1972. The indigenous population, which is Melanesian, engages in fishing and local trading. Many are adherents of the cargo cult founded by the prophet Paliau after World War II. Pop. (1989 est.) 29,700, almost all of whom live on Manus Island.