AVERROS

born 1126, Crdoba died 1198, Marrakech, Almohad empire [now in Morocco] medieval Latin Averrhos, also called Ibn Rushd, Arabic in full Abu al-Walid Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Rushd influential Islamic religious philosopher who integrated Islamic traditions with ancient Greek thought. At the request of the Almohad caliph Abu Ya'qub Yusuf, he produced a series of summaries and commentaries on most of Aristotle's works (116995) and on Plato's Republic, which exerted considerable influence in both the Islamic world and Europe for centuries. He wrote the Decisive Treatise on the Agreement Between Religious Law and Philosophy (Fasl al-makal), Examination of the Methods of Proof Concerning the Doctrines of Religion (Kashf al-manahij), and The Incoherence of the Incoherence (Tahafut al-Tahafut), all in defense of the philosophical study of religion against the theologians (117980).