BROWNELL, W(ILLIAM) C(RARY)

born Aug. 30, 1851, New York, N.Y., U.S. died July 22, 1928, Williamstown, Mass. critic who sought to expand the scope of American literary criticism as Matthew Arnold had for British. After graduating from Amherst College, Amherst, Mass., in 1871, Brownell joined the New York World, becoming city editor in a year. After serving on The Nation from 1879 to 1881, he became editor and literary adviser to Charles Scribner's Sons, a New York publisher, in 1888, remaining there until his death. His first two books, French Traits (1889) and French Art (1892), established a new and high standard for the American critic, but one that Brownell maintained for himself in his succeeding books: Victorian Prose Masters (1901), American Prose Masters (1909), Criticism (1914), Standards (1917), The Genius of Style (1924), and Democratic Distinction in America (1927).