CHARES

flourished 4th century BC Athenian general and mercenary commander. In 357 BC Chares regained for Athens the Thracian Chersonese from the Thracian king Cersobleptes. During the Social War (Athens against her allies, 357355), he commanded the Athenian forces; in 356 he was joined by Iphicrates and Timotheus with reinforcements. Having blamed the subsequent defeat on his colleagues, Chares was left sole commander. After receiving no supplies from Athens, however, he joined the insurgent Persian satrap Artabazus. In 349, 348, and 340 Chares accomplished little as commander of Athenian forces against Philip II of Macedonia. He was defeated by Philip in 338 at Amphissa in Locris and participated in the Battle of Chaeronea. After conquering Thebes (335), Alexander the Great (Philip II's son) is said to have demanded the surrender of Chares, among others, but Chares escaped to the Troad. In 332 Chares commanded a Persian force in Mytilene, but he surrendered at the approach of a Macedonian fleet on condition that he be allowed to retire unmolested. Chares is last heard of at Taenarum (Cape Matapan) and is thought to have died at Sigeum.