COOPER, JAMES FENIMORE

born Sept. 15, 1789, Burlington, N.J., U.S. died Sept. 14, 1851, Cooperstown, N.Y. first major U.S. novelist, author of the novels of frontier adventure known as the Leatherstocking Tales, featuring the wilderness scout called Natty Bumppo, or Hawkeye. They include The Pioneers (1823), The Last of the Mohicans (1826), The Prairie (1827), The Pathfinder (1840), and The Deerslayer (1841). Additional reading R.E. Spiller and P.C. Blackburn, A Descriptive Bibliography of the Writings of James Fenimore Cooper (1934), is now somewhat out of date but still standard. The major depository for Cooper's papers is the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University. James F. Beard (ed.), Letters and Journals of James Fenimore Cooper, 6 vol. (196068), is a monument of precision and learning. Cooper's works have otherwise not been edited definitively. Important collected editions of his novels are J. Fenimore Cooper's Works, Household Edition, 32 vol. (187684), with introductions by Cooper's daughter Susan; and The Works of James Fenimore Cooper, Mohawk Edition (18951900). His most popular individual works are available in paperback.The fullest and most accurate biographical account is that contained in James F. Beard's prefaces and notes to the Letters and Journals. James Grossman, James Fenimore Cooper (1949), is a sound and readable critical biography.Important critical studies include: Mark Twain, Fenimore Cooper's Literary Offences, North American Review, vol. 161 (1895), unfair, but shrewd and funny; D.H. Lawrence, Fenimore Cooper's Leatherstocking Novels, Studies in Classic American Literature (1923), factually inaccurate but brilliantly suggestive; Yvor Winters, Fenimore Cooper, or the Ruins of Time, In Defense of Reason (1947), first published in 1938, a masterly reappraisal of Cooper's life and writings; Henry Nash Smith, Virgin Land (1950), establishes Leatherstocking's place in the development of the mythology of the American West; Thomas Philbrick, James Fenimore Cooper and the Development of American Sea Fiction (1961), a definitive study, notable for exhaustive scholarship and penetrating criticism; Donald A. Ringe, James Fenimore Cooper (1962), an able critical survey of Cooper's fiction; Kay S. House, Cooper's Americans (1966), a pioneering study of Cooper's character types and methods of characterization; George Dekker, James Fenimore Cooper (1967), an examination of Cooper's achievement as a historical novelist; Stephen Railton, Fenimore Cooper: A Study of His Life and Imagination (1978), presenting the thesis of a son who was trying to find himself by means of his novels to overcome his father's psychical domination. Major Works: Novels. Precaution (1820); The Spy (1821); The Pioneers (1823); The Pilot (1823); Lionel Lincoln (1824); The Last of the Mohicans (1826); The Prairie (1827); The Red Rover (1827); The Wept of Wish-ton-Wish (1829); The Water Witch; or, The Skimmer of the Seas (1830); The Bravo (1831); The Monikins (1835); Homeward Bound (1838); Home As Found (1838); The Pathfinder (1840); The Deerslayer (1841); The Two Admirals (1842); The Wing-and-Wing; or, Le Feu-follet (1842); Wyandott; or, The Hutted Knoll (1843); Ned Myers (1843); Afloat and Ashore (1844); Satanstoe; or, The Littlepage Manuscripts (1845); The Chain-Bearer (1845); The Redskins: or, Indian and Injin (1846); The Crater: or, Vulcan's Peak (1847); The Sea Lions (1849); The Ways of the Hour (1850). Other works Notions of the Americans: Picked Up by a Travelling Bachelor (1828); A Letter to His Countrymen (1834); Sketches of Switzerland (1836); Gleanings in Europe (1837); The American Democrat (1838); The History of the Navy of the United States of America (1839).