FIVE, THE

also called The Russian Five or The Mighty Five, Russian Moguchaya Kuchka (The Mighty Little Heap) group of five Russian composersCsar Cui, Aleksandr Borodin, Mily Balakirev, Modest Mussorgsky, and Nikolay Rimsky-Korsakovwho in the 1860s banded together in an attempt to create a truly national school of Russian music, free of the stifling influence of Italian opera, German lieder, and other western European forms. The original name of the group, Moguchaya Kuchka, was coined in a newspaper article in 1867. Centred in St. Petersburg, the members of The Five are often considered to have been a rival faction to the more cosmopolitan, Moscow-centred composers such as Peter Ilich Tchaikovsky, although Tchaikovsky often used actual folk songs in his music and Borodin and Rimsky-Korsakov emphasized traditional European training in their work. Precursors of The Five were Mikhail Glinka and Aleksandr Dargomyzhsky. They were succeeded by a less energetic generation including Anatoly Lyadov, Sergey Taneyev, and Aleksandr Glazunov.