FORSTER, THOMAS

born c. 1675 died Nov. 3, 1738, Boulogne, France English Jacobite and leader of the 1715 uprising in Scotland and northern England. Forster was a member of Parliament from 1708 to 1716, but his Jacobite proclivities became known, and in 1715 he was ordered under arrest by the House of Commons. He fled before this could be done, however, and at Greenrig in Northumberland on Oct. 6, 1715, he proclaimed the Old Pretender as James III. Forster assumed command of his small band of followers but proved a poor general. After failing to take Newcastle he allowed the rebellion to degenerate into a series of purposeless marches. He was joined by the rebels from southern Scotland under William Gordon, Lord Kenmure, and the combined force marched to Kelso in Roxburghshire, where on October 22 it was further reinforced by a detachment of Highlanders under Brigadier William Mackintosh of Borlum. Mackintosh had considerable military talents but was obliged to serve under the incompetent Kenmure in Scotland and the no less incompetent Forster once the rebels had crossed into England. Forster expected reinforcements from the Roman Catholic gentry of the northwestern shires of England, but these failed to appear. At Preston on November 17 he capitulated, despite the protests of his officers. He escaped from prison to France, where he died some 23 years later.