FRANSCINI, STEFANO

born Oct. 23, 1796, Bodio, Switz. died July 19, 1857, Bern Swiss statesman and reformer whose maxim Democracy is not so much respect for the vote of the majority as for the thought of the minority expressed his faith in education and in the importance of public opinion. Franscini was born into a peasant family in the canton of Ticino and in 1819 went to the seminary at Milan, Italy. At the age of 23 he became a teacher, but in 1829 he returned to Ticino, where he fought to set up a liberal regime (1830). He was secretary to the new government until 1848, when he became a member of the government of Switzerland, serving until his death. In Ticino, Franscini did much for state education. As a member of the confederation he supported the establishment of a federal polytechnic and was the first to compile statistics in Switzerland. He educated himself on the works of Montaigne, Adam Smith, Jeremy Bentham, and Melchiorre Gioia and was a liberal and humanitarian. He was the first to develop in the people of Ticino a sense of duty and a realization of the need to collaborate with the other Swiss cantons. In La svizzera italiana (1837; The Italian Swiss), Statistica della svizzera (1827; Statistics on the Swiss), Annali del Canton Ticino (published 1953; Annals of the Ticino Canton), and numerous minor works, he showed himself to be a lucid and honest writer on political and social problems, often disappointed in the people whom he was trying to educate to a sense of impartial justice, but steadfast in his own love for his country.