HOPEWELL

city, administratively independent of, but located in, Prince George county, southeastern Virginia, U.S. Hopewell is an inland port at the confluence of the James and Appomattox rivers, 23 miles (37 km) southeast of Richmond. Settlement began in 1613 around a plantation called Bermuda City, but an attack by Indians destroyed the plantation in 1622. A new settlement was erected and named for the ship that brought Hopewell's founder, Frances Eppes, to the area in 1635. Hopewell was the birthplace (1773) of statesman John Randolph of Roanoke and Edmund Ruffin, who fired the first shot at Fort Sumter at the start of the American Civil War. Its Appomattox Manor (1635) was shelled by troops led by Benedict Arnold during the American Revolution. City Point, later annexed by Hopewell in 1923, served as the headquarters of Civil War General Ulysses S. Grant (June 1864April 1865) during the Union siege of nearby Petersburg. When a munitions plant was established there in 1914, Hopewell's population skyrocketed. Following World War I the city's population declined as wartime production ceased. Modern industries, however, had revitalized the city's economy by the mid-1920s. Today its manufactures include chemicals, ceramics, textiles, and paper products. Fort Lee is nearby. Inc. city, 1916. Pop. (1990) 23,101; (1998 est.) 22,529.