HUNG-JEN

born 1610, Hsi-hsien, Anhwei Province, China died 1663 Pinyin Hongren, original name Chiang T'ao foremost painter of the Anhwei (Hsin-an) school, a centre of painting in southeast China during the Ch'ing period, noted for its unusual land features, especially of Huang Shan (Yellow Mountain), which frequently appears in paintings of the school. Chiang T'ao adopted his Buddhist name Hung-jen after the collapse of the Ming dynasty and the death of his mother. He was known for being quiet and retiring, and his paintings reveal something of the same attitude. While it is said that he started to paint at an early age to aid in the support of his family, virtually all of his extant works are from his later years. His paintings are restrained and cool to the point of being brittle, yet they have a precision of structure that gives them an unusual strength in spite of their apparent fragility. They generally exhibit an intensification of characteristics of the work of the Yan dynasty (12061368) master Ni Tsan.